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Writer's pictureJuliane Bell

Transport Canada Requirements for Kayaks and Other Small Watercraft

When kayaking or using other small watercraft in Canadian waters, it's essential to comply with Transport Canada's safety regulations. These rules are designed to ensure the safety of all watercraft users. Here’s a summary of the key requirements for kayaks and small watercraft:


1. Personal Flotation Device (PFD):

We carry a wide variety of PFDs in our store for everyone from kayakers and canoeists, to stand-up paddleboarders, motor boaters, and even dogs. Check out our selection here.


  • Requirement: Each person on board must have a Canadian-approved PFD or life jacket.

  • Details: The PFD must be of an appropriate size for the wearer and in good condition. Wearing the PFD at all times while on the water is highly recommended for paddlers.



2. Buoyant Heaving Line:

  • Requirement: A buoyant heaving line at least 15 meters (50 feet) long.

  • Details: This line can be used to rescue someone who has fallen overboard.



3. Sound Signalling Device:

  • Requirement: A sound signalling device, such as a whistle or air horn.

  • Details: This is used to signal your presence to other boaters, especially in low visibility conditions or emergencies. Most paddlers choose to secure a whistle to their PFD so they can always rely on it being there, however, many throwbags also have them built into the attachment loops.



5. Manual Propulsion Device:

  • Requirement: A manual propulsion device, such as a paddle.

  • Details: For kayakers, a spare paddle is advisable in case of loss or damage to you or a paddling partner's primary paddle.



6. Bailer or Manual Bilge Pump:

  • Requirement: A bailer or manual bilge pump.

  • Details: This is essential for removing water that enters the boat. A bailer can be a simple container, but it must be capable of removing water effectively. Kayak pumps are specially designed to efficiently get water from deep in your cockpit out over the coaming while you are seated.



7. Navigation Lights:

  • Requirement: If operating between sunset and sunrise or in periods of restricted visibility, you must have navigation lights.

  • Details: For kayaks and small boats, this typically means having a waterproof flashlight or a white light that can be displayed in sufficient time to prevent a collision.


9. Other Recommended Equipment:


  • Sprayskirt: Using a sprayskirt can prevent water from entering the cockpit. A boat that is full of water is much more unstable and increases the chance of capsize. Sitting in a cockpit full of cold water is also more likely to make you hypothermic.

    • *Disclaimer: We do not recommend or encourage wearing a sprayskirt unless you have practiced wet exits and re-entry procedures.

  • Paddle Float: A paddle float allows one to create an outrigger on their boat and may provide the required stability to re-enter in rough conditions.

    • *Disclaimer: Paddle floats are only useful if you have learned the proper technique and have practiced in the water.

  • First Aid Kit: Having a basic first aid kit can help address minor injuries.

  • Compass and Navigational Chart: This is particularly important for those venturing far from shore, ensuring you can navigate safely.

  • Dry Bags: To keep important items like your phone, maps, and extra clothing dry.

  • Emergency Contact Device: A marine radio, cellphone in a waterproof case, or a personal locator beacon (PLB) for emergency communication.


Compliance and Safety:

  • Ensure that all required equipment is in good working order and readily accessible.

  • Regularly check the condition of your PFD and other safety equipment.

  • Educate yourself on local regulations and conditions where you plan to paddle.


By adhering to Transport Canada's requirements and recommendations, you can enhance your safety and preparedness on the water, making your kayaking and small watercraft adventures more enjoyable and much less risky. 

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